2015年6月， Paulo Ricardo Marques Filho等人在ELSEVIER上发表的题为“Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) reverts behavioral alterations and brainstem BDNF level increase induced by neuropathic pain model: Long-lasting effect”的文章提出经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）在止痛和抗焦虑治疗中的可能性：

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) reverts behavioral alterations and brainstem BDNF level increaseinduced by neuropathic pain model: Long-lasting effect.

Filho PR¹, Vercelino R², Cioato SG¹, Medeiros LF³, Oliveira C¹, Scarabelot VL², Souza A⁴, Rozisky JR⁵, Quevedo AD⁴, Adachi LN¹, Sanches PR⁶, Fregni F⁷,Caumo W⁸, Torres IL⁹.

经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）在神经疼痛模型下对回复行为改变和提高脑干的脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）水平具有持久性的效果。

Abstract

Introduction

Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic pain modality that usually results of damage in the somatosensory system. NP often shows insufficient response to classic analgesics and remains a challenge to medical treatment. The transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive technique, which induces neuroplastic changes in central nervous system of animals and humans. The brain derived neurotrophic factor plays an important role in synaptic plasticity process. Behavior changes such as decreased locomotor and exploratory activities and anxiety disorders are common comorbidities associated with NP.

Results

The chronic constriction injury (CCI) induces decrease in locomotor and exploratory activities, increases in the behavior-like anxiety, and increases in the brainstem BDNF levels, the last, in phase II (one-way ANOVA/SNK, P < 0.05 for all). The tDCS treatment already reverted all these effects induced by CCI (one-way ANOVA/SNK, P < 0.05 for all). Furthermore, the tDCS treatment decreased serum and cerebral cortex BDNF levels and it increased these levels in the spinal cord in phase II (one-way ANOVA/SNK, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

tDCS reverts behavioral alterations associated to neuropathic pain, indicating possible analgesic and anxiolytic tDCS effects. tDCS treatment induces changes in the BDNF levels in different regions of the central nervous system (CNS), and this effect can be attributed to different cellular signaling activations.

神经性疼痛通常是由躯体感觉系统受损引发的慢性疼痛。常用的镇痛剂对神经性疼痛效果甚微，现下，神经性疼痛对药物治疗仍旧是一个挑战。经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）是一种非侵入性技术，可诱导动物和人体中枢神经的神经可塑性进行改变。脑源性神经营养因子在神经突出可塑性中起到关键作用。行为变化，例如活动性和探索性能力的降低、焦虑症，是常见的神经性疼痛并发症。

实验结果过程中，慢性压迫性神经损伤导致的活动性及探索性能力下降，提高了类躁狂行为的可能性，引起脑干中脑源性神经营养因子的增加。经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）治疗已经回复小鼠慢性压迫性神经损伤引起的行为改变。不仅如此，经过经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）治疗，小鼠血清和大脑皮层中的脑源性神经营养因子的含量降低，而脊髓中的含量升高。结果证实了经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）在治疗神经疼痛引起的相应的行为改变中的效果，表明经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）在止痛和抗焦虑治疗中的可能性。经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）治疗在中枢神经系统的不同部位所引起的脑源性神经营养因子的变化影响细胞信号激活。

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278584615300099